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10-Year Coronary Heart Disease Risk Prediction Using Coronary Artery Calcium and Traditional Risk Factors: Derivation in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) With Validation in the HNR (Heinz Nixdorf Recall) Study and the DHS (Dallas Heart Study) Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Impact of percutaneous coronary intervention extent, complexity and platelet reactivity on outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in Randomized Clinical Trials Comparing Percutaneous Interventions With Coronary Bypass Surgery: A Meta-analysis A Novel Algorithm for Treating Chronic Total Coronary Artery Occlusion 2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS): Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries Endorsed Reappraisal of Reported Genes for Sudden Arrhythmic Death: An Evidence-Based Evaluation of Gene Validity for Brugada Syndrome The year in cardiovascular medicine 2020: interventional cardiology Update in the Percutaneous Management of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Readmissions Where Are the Solutions?

Review ArticleVolume 70, Issue 17, October 2017, Pages 2171-2185

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

How Low to Go With Glucose, Cholesterol, and Blood Pressure in Primary Prevention of CVD

Hong KN, Fuster V, Bhatt DL et al. Keywords: cardiovascular disease; diabetes; hyperlipidemia; hypertension; primary prevention

ABSTRACT

Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are modifiable risk factors that predict cardiovascular disease events. The effect of these risk factors on incident cardiovascular disease increases with progressively higher levels of glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. The thresholds for initiating treatment of these modifiable risk factors and the optimal goals of risk factor modification are a focus of primary prevention research. Although an aggressive approach is appealing, adverse events may occur, and potential physiological barriers may exist. This paper discusses primary prevention of coronary heart disease that may be achieved through modification of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension by summarizing current guidelines and pertinent clinical trial data from intervention trials that included a primary prevention cohort.