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充血性心力衰竭

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Clinical epidemiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in comparatively young hospitalized patients Stage B heart failure: management of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction Angiotensin–neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure A Fully Magnetically Levitated Left Ventricular Assist Device — Final Report Diagnosis of Nonischemic Stage B Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Optimal Parameters for Prediction of Heart Failure SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Meta-Analysis of the EMPEROR-Reduced and DAPA-HF Trials Fluid Volume Overload and Congestion in Heart Failure: Time to Reconsider Pathophysiology and How Volume Is Assessed Effect of empagliflozin on exercise ability and symptoms in heart failure patients with reduced and preserved ejection fraction, with and without type 2 diabetes The Future of Biomarker-Guided Therapy for Heart Failure After the Guiding Evidence-Based Therapy Using Biomarker Intensified Treatment in Heart Failure (GUIDE-IT) Study 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society
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Review ArticleVolume 7, Issue 12, December 2019

JOURNAL：JACC: Heart Failure Article Link

Frailty Is Intertwined With Heart Failure: Mechanisms, Prevalence, Prognosis, Assessment, and Management

A Pandey, D Kitzman, G Reeves. Keywords: aging; frailty; Fried phenotype; heart failure; physical function; quality of life

ABSTRACT

Frailty, a syndrome characterized by an exaggerated decline in function and reserve of multiple physiological systems, is common in older patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with worse clinical and patient-reported outcomes. Although several detailed assessment tools have been developed and validated in the geriatric population, they are cumbersome, not validated in patients with HF, and not commonly used in routine management of patients with HF. More recently, there has been an increasing interest in developing simple frailty screening tools that could efficiently and quickly identify frail patients with HF in routine clinical settings. As the burden and recognition of frailty in older patients with HF increase, a more comprehensive approach to management is needed that targets deficits across multiple domains, including physical function and medical, cognitive, and social domains. Such a multidomain approach is critical to address the unique, multidimensional challenges to the care of these high-risk patients and to improve their functional status, quality of life, and long-term clinical outcomes. This review discusses the burden of frailty, the conceptual underpinnings of frailty in older patients with HF, and potential strategies for the assessment, screening, and management of frailty in this vulnerable patient population.
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