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Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients Individualized antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent deployment: Implication of clinical trials of different durations of dual antiplatelet therapy Management of Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis: Evolving Concepts in Timing of Valve Replacement Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Long-term, Cause-Specific Mortality Among Young Adults Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis Association of Effective Regurgitation Orifice Area to Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Ratio With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair OutcomesA Secondary Analysis of the COAPT Trial Extended antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel alone versus clopidogrel plus aspirin after completion of 9- to 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy for acute coronary syndrome patients with both high bleeding and ischemic risk. Rationale and design of the OPT-BIRISK double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial Stroke Rates Following Surgical Versus Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization Contemporary Presentation and Management of Valvular Heart Disease: The EURObservational Research Programme Valvular Heart Disease II Survey Expansion or contraction of stenting in coronary artery disease?

Clinical Trial1998 Aug;19(8):1224-31.

JOURNAL:Eur Heart J. Article Link

Treatment of calcified coronary lesions with Palmaz-Schatz stents. An intravascular ultrasound study

Hoffmann R, Mintz GS, Popma JJ et al. Keywords: calcified coronary lesions; intracoronary stents, IVUS, rotational atherectomy

ABSTRACT


AIMSTo evaluate the result of coronary stenting in calcified lesions and to find morphological and procedural factors influencing the final result.


METHODS AND RESULTS - Three hundred and twenty three native coronary artery lesions in 303 patients (197 men, mean age 63.9 +/- 11.5 years) treated with Palmaz-Schatz stents were differentiated into four groups depending on their degree of circumferential calcification as defined by intravascular ultrasound [0-90 degrees (n=120), 91-180 degrees (n=58, 181-270$ (n=71) and 271-360 degrees n=74)]. In 117 lesions rotational atherectomy was used prior to stent placement. Intravascular ultrasound and quantitative angiography were performed prior to treatment and after stent placement to measure minimal and maximal lumen diameter and lumen cross-sectional area at the lesion site and the reference segments. Acute lumen gain and eccentricity index were calculated. Although higher balloon pressures were used than in the minimally calcified lesions. the final angiographic minimal lumen diameter decreased with increasing arc of calcification (3.01 +/- 0.47, 3.04 +/- 0.43, 2.85 +/- 0.53, 2.83 +/- 0.40 mm, respectively, P=0.0320) resulting in a decrease in acute diameter gain with increasing arc of calcification (2.06 +/- 0.51, 1.91 +/- 0.46, 1.81 +/- 0.56, 1.78 +/- 0.51 mm, respectively, P=0.0067). Adjunctive rotational atherectomy prior to stent placement resulted in a greater acute diameter and a greater lumen cross-sectional area gain, coupled with less final residual stenosis than pre-treatment with balloon angioplasty.

CONCLUSION - Implantation of stents in calcified lesions results in less optimal stent expansion, especially in lesions with thick, eccentric calcific plaque layers. Use of adjunctive rotational atherectomy before stent placement may improve the procedural result.