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Leaflet immobility and thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve replacement Adenosine and adenosine receptor-mediated action in coronary microcirculation Apolipoprotein A-V is a potential target for treating coronary artery disease: evidence from genetic and metabolomic analyses Determinants and Impact of Heart Failure Readmission Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patterns of calcification in coronary artery disease. A statistical analysis of intravascular ultrasound and coronary angiography in 1155 lesions Contemporary Use and Trends in Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the United States: An Analysis of the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Research to Practice Initiative Computed tomography angiography-derived extracellular volume fraction predicts early recovery of left ventricular systolic function after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Left Ventricular Rapid Pacing Via the Valve Delivery Guidewire in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Impact of Pre-Existing and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Pulmonary artery denervation for treatment of a patient with pulmonary hypertension secondary to left heart disease

Clinical Trial1998 Aug;19(8):1224-31.

JOURNAL:Eur Heart J. Article Link

Treatment of calcified coronary lesions with Palmaz-Schatz stents. An intravascular ultrasound study

Hoffmann R, Mintz GS, Popma JJ et al. Keywords: calcified coronary lesions; intracoronary stents, IVUS, rotational atherectomy

ABSTRACT


AIMSTo evaluate the result of coronary stenting in calcified lesions and to find morphological and procedural factors influencing the final result.


METHODS AND RESULTS - Three hundred and twenty three native coronary artery lesions in 303 patients (197 men, mean age 63.9 +/- 11.5 years) treated with Palmaz-Schatz stents were differentiated into four groups depending on their degree of circumferential calcification as defined by intravascular ultrasound [0-90 degrees (n=120), 91-180 degrees (n=58, 181-270$ (n=71) and 271-360 degrees n=74)]. In 117 lesions rotational atherectomy was used prior to stent placement. Intravascular ultrasound and quantitative angiography were performed prior to treatment and after stent placement to measure minimal and maximal lumen diameter and lumen cross-sectional area at the lesion site and the reference segments. Acute lumen gain and eccentricity index were calculated. Although higher balloon pressures were used than in the minimally calcified lesions. the final angiographic minimal lumen diameter decreased with increasing arc of calcification (3.01 +/- 0.47, 3.04 +/- 0.43, 2.85 +/- 0.53, 2.83 +/- 0.40 mm, respectively, P=0.0320) resulting in a decrease in acute diameter gain with increasing arc of calcification (2.06 +/- 0.51, 1.91 +/- 0.46, 1.81 +/- 0.56, 1.78 +/- 0.51 mm, respectively, P=0.0067). Adjunctive rotational atherectomy prior to stent placement resulted in a greater acute diameter and a greater lumen cross-sectional area gain, coupled with less final residual stenosis than pre-treatment with balloon angioplasty.

CONCLUSION - Implantation of stents in calcified lesions results in less optimal stent expansion, especially in lesions with thick, eccentric calcific plaque layers. Use of adjunctive rotational atherectomy before stent placement may improve the procedural result.