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Radial Versus Femoral Access for Coronary Interventions Across the Entire Spectrum of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials Frequency of nonsystem delays in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention and implications for door-to-balloon time reporting (from the American Heart Association Mission: Lifeline program) 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes: The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Surgical or Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients The HACD4 haplotype as a risk factor for atherosclerosis in males Red Cell Distribution Width in Patients with Diabetes and Myocardial Infarction: an analysis from the EXAMINE trial Incidence and prognostic implication of unrecognized myocardial scar characterized by cardiac magnetic resonance in diabetic patients without clinical evidence of myocardial infarction The Impact of Proximal Vessel Tortuosity on the Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Contemporary Multicenter Registry Changes in One-Year Mortality in Elderly Patients Admitted with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Relation with Early Management De-escalation of antianginal medications after successful chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: Frequency and relationship with health status

Clinical Trial1998 Aug;19(8):1224-31.

JOURNAL:Eur Heart J. Article Link

Treatment of calcified coronary lesions with Palmaz-Schatz stents. An intravascular ultrasound study

Hoffmann R, Mintz GS, Popma JJ et al. Keywords: calcified coronary lesions; intracoronary stents, IVUS, rotational atherectomy

ABSTRACT


AIMSTo evaluate the result of coronary stenting in calcified lesions and to find morphological and procedural factors influencing the final result.


METHODS AND RESULTS - Three hundred and twenty three native coronary artery lesions in 303 patients (197 men, mean age 63.9 +/- 11.5 years) treated with Palmaz-Schatz stents were differentiated into four groups depending on their degree of circumferential calcification as defined by intravascular ultrasound [0-90 degrees (n=120), 91-180 degrees (n=58, 181-270$ (n=71) and 271-360 degrees n=74)]. In 117 lesions rotational atherectomy was used prior to stent placement. Intravascular ultrasound and quantitative angiography were performed prior to treatment and after stent placement to measure minimal and maximal lumen diameter and lumen cross-sectional area at the lesion site and the reference segments. Acute lumen gain and eccentricity index were calculated. Although higher balloon pressures were used than in the minimally calcified lesions. the final angiographic minimal lumen diameter decreased with increasing arc of calcification (3.01 +/- 0.47, 3.04 +/- 0.43, 2.85 +/- 0.53, 2.83 +/- 0.40 mm, respectively, P=0.0320) resulting in a decrease in acute diameter gain with increasing arc of calcification (2.06 +/- 0.51, 1.91 +/- 0.46, 1.81 +/- 0.56, 1.78 +/- 0.51 mm, respectively, P=0.0067). Adjunctive rotational atherectomy prior to stent placement resulted in a greater acute diameter and a greater lumen cross-sectional area gain, coupled with less final residual stenosis than pre-treatment with balloon angioplasty.

CONCLUSION - Implantation of stents in calcified lesions results in less optimal stent expansion, especially in lesions with thick, eccentric calcific plaque layers. Use of adjunctive rotational atherectomy before stent placement may improve the procedural result.