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Drug-Drug Interactions of Common Cardiac Medications and Chemotherapeutic Agents Short-Term Oral Anticoagulation Versus Antiplatelet Therapy Following Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Closure Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Older Breast Cancer Survivors in the United States: A Matched Cohort Study High Coronary Shear Stress in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Predicts Myocardial Infarction Mathematical modelling of endovascular drug delivery: balloons versus stents Thirty-Day Outcomes Following Transfemoral Transseptal Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: Intrepid TMVR Early Feasibility Study Results MITRA-FR vs. COAPT: Lessons from two trials with diametrically opposed results Ablation Versus Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure Results From the CABANA Trial Treatment Effects of Pulmonary Artery Denervation for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Stratified by REVEAL Risk Score: Results from PADN-CFDA Trial The Art of SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement in Valve-in-Ring and Valve-in-Mitral-Annular-Calcification Procedures

Review Article2018 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]

JOURNAL:Curr Probl Cancer. Article Link

Cardiovascular effects of radiation therapy

Armanious MA, Mohammadi H, Khodor S et al. Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Autonomic dysfunction; Carotid artery stenosis; Radiation therapy

ABSTRACT


Radiation therapy (RT) plays a prominent role in the treatment of many cancers. With increasing use of RT and high overall survival rates, the risks associated with RT must be carefully considered. Of these risks, the cardiovascular and autonomic toxicities have been of significant concern. In fact, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of nonmalignancy-related death in cancer survivors. The manifestations of radiation induced cardiac injury include the acute toxicities of myopericarditis and late toxicities including constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, heart failure, and conduction abnormalities. Neck and cranial RT have also been associated with significant long-term toxicities including accelerated occlusive carotid artery disease, autonomic dysfunction due to baroreceptor damage, and development of metabolic syndromes due to damage to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The clinical manifestations of radiation induced disease may not present until several years following the delivery of radiation. We review the adverse effects of RT on these organ systems and discuss risk reduction strategies that may effectively mitigate some of these adverse outcomes.