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Genetic analyses in a cohort of 191 pulmonary arterial hypertension patients Pulmonary Hypertension in Heart Failure: Pathophysiology, Pathobiology, and Emerging Clinical Perspectives Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension Comparison of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography, Fractional Flow Reserve, and Perfusion Imaging for Ischemia Diagnosis Adaptive development of concomitant secondary mitral and tricuspid regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Coronary Flow Reserve in the Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio/Fractional Flow Reserve Era: Too Valuable to Be Neglected Angiography Alone Versus Angiography Plus Optical Coherence Tomography to Guide Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Outcomes From the Pan-London PCI Cohort Coronary Microcirculation Downstream Non-Infarct-Related Arteries in the Subacute Phase of Myocardial Infarction: Implications for Physiology-Guided Revascularization Prognostic Implications of Plaque Characteristics and Stenosis Severity in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Fractional flow reserve in clinical practice: from wire-based invasive measurement to image-based computation
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Clinical Trial2008 Oct;156(4):641-648.e1.

JOURNAL：Am Heart J. Article Link

A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cardiac contractility modulation in patients with systolic heart failure: rationale, design, and baseline patient characteristics.

Abraham WT, , FIX-HF-5 Investigators and Coordinators. Keywords: QRS duration; exercise tolerance; heart failure; peak Vo(2); quality of life

ABSTRACT


Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) signals are nonexcitatory electrical signals delivered during the cardiac absolute refractory period that enhance the strength of cardiac muscular contraction. Prior research in experimental and human heart failure has shown that CCM signals normalize phosphorylation of key proteins and expression of genes coding for proteins involved in regulation of calcium cycling and contraction. The results of prior clinical studies of CCM have supported its safety and efficacy. A large-scale clinical study, the FIX-HF-5 study, is currently underway to test the safety and efficacy of this treatment. In this article, we provide an overview of the system used to deliver CCM signals, the implant procedure, and the details and rationale of the FIX-HF-5 study design. Baseline characteristics for patients randomized in this trial are also presented.

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