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Prospective application of pre-defined intravascular ultrasound criteria for assessment of intermediate left main coronary artery lesions results from the multicenter LITRO study Anticoagulation After Surgical or Transcatheter Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement Correlations between fractional flow reserve and intravascular ultrasound in patients with an ambiguous left main coronary artery stenosis Differential prognostic effect of intravascular ultrasound use according to implanted stent length Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration in Medically Managed Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Sub-Analysis of the OPT-CAD Study Anticoagulation with or without Clopidogrel after Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Implantation Post-stenting fractional flow reserve vs coronary angiography for optimisation of percutaneous coronary intervention: TARGET-FFR trial 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) A Controlled Trial of Rivaroxaban After Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement Comparison of Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Native Coronary Arteries Versus on Saphenous Venous Aorta Coronary Conduits in Patients With Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Impella Device Implantation Achieved or Attempted (from the PROTECT II Randomized Trial and the cVAD Registry)
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Review Article2018 Sep;72(3):179-185.

JOURNAL：J Cardiol. Article Link

Histopathological validation of optical coherence tomography findings of the coronary arteries

Fujii K, Kawakami R, Hirota S. Keywords: atherosclerosis; OCT; Stent; histopathological validation

ABSTRACT

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a catheter-based imaging modality for the visualization of coronary arteries, is widely used during percutaneous coronary intervention to improve the understanding of the anatomy of coronary artery stenosis and to elucidate the mechanisms of atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a short description of the histopathological validations of OCT for visualizing atherosclerotic plaques and vascularhealing response after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Because OCT measures the intensity of light returning from within a tissue, tissue having a higher heterogeneity of optical index of refraction, such as microcalcification deposition and foam cell accumulation on the luminal surface, may exhibit stronger optical scattering that appears as a thin-cap fibroatheroma image. Furthermore, even if OCT shows exposed uncovered stent struts, some of the struts could be re-endothelialized. In our ex vivo histopathological experience, re-endothelialization at the surface of stent struts was confirmed by histopathological analysis, although OCT images showed exposed uncovered struts after DES implantation. Therefore, careful interpretation is required to assess tissue morphology and stent strut coverage by OCT.

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