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Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Myocardial Infarction in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Coronary CT Angiography and 5-Year Risk of Myocardial Infarction From Early Pharmacology to Recent Pharmacology Interventions in Acute Coronary Syndromes Impact of Optimized Procedure-Related Factors in Drug-Eluting Balloon Angioplasty for Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis Heart Failure With Preserved, Borderline, and Reduced Ejection Fraction: 5-Year Outcomes Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndrome Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction Short-term and long-term clinical outcomes of rotational atherectomy in resistant chronic total occlusion Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Anxiety and Pain During Acute Coronary Syndromes and the Risk of Developing Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Intravenous Statin Administration During Myocardial Infarction Compared With Oral Post-Infarct Administration

Original Research2018 Nov;33(6):638-644.

JOURNAL:Curr Opin Cardiol. Article Link

Role of local coronary blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and coronary plaque

Siasos G, Tsigkou V, Stone PH et al. Keywords: endothelial shear stress; local blood flow patterns; epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction

ABSTRACT



PURPOSE OF REVIEW - The natural history of coronary atherosclerosis is complex and atherosclerotic plaques exhibit large morphologic and functional variability within the same individual as well as over time. The purpose of this article is to review the role of blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression.


RECENT FINDINGS - Recent breakthroughs in cardiovascular imaging have facilitated in-vivo characterization of the anatomic and functional characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques and have highlighted the role of endothelial shear stress and epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis.


SUMMARY - There is an important need to identify individual lesions which may progress to vulnerable plaque in order to provide early therapeutic management. Evaluation of endothelial shear stress, local blood flow patterns, epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction, as well as their complex associations might indicate those patients who have microvascular endothelial dysfunction and increased risk for upstream epicardial endothelial dysfunction and plaque progression. Such high-risk patients could potentially be targeted for more intensive therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of both microvascular and epicardial atherosclerotic manifestations.