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2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines A Novel Familial Cardiac Arrhythmia Syndrome with Widespread ST-Segment Depression Variation in Revascularization Practice and Outcomes in Asymptomatic Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Coronary flow velocity reserve predicts adverse prognosis in women with angina and noobstructive coronary artery disease: resultsfrom the iPOWER study Impact of Coronary Lesion Complexity in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: One-Year Outcomes From the Large, Multicentre e-Ultimaster Registry Mortality 10 Years After Percutaneous or Surgical Revascularization in Patients With Total Coronary Artery Occlusions Prevalence of Angina Among Primary Care Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Systems of Care for ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association Generalizing Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment to Adults With Diabetes Mellitus Multivessel Versus Culprit-Vessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Cardiogenic Shock

Original Research2018 Nov;33(6):638-644.

JOURNAL:Curr Opin Cardiol. Article Link

Role of local coronary blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and coronary plaque

Siasos G, Tsigkou V, Stone PH et al. Keywords: endothelial shear stress; local blood flow patterns; epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction

ABSTRACT



PURPOSE OF REVIEW - The natural history of coronary atherosclerosis is complex and atherosclerotic plaques exhibit large morphologic and functional variability within the same individual as well as over time. The purpose of this article is to review the role of blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression.


RECENT FINDINGS - Recent breakthroughs in cardiovascular imaging have facilitated in-vivo characterization of the anatomic and functional characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques and have highlighted the role of endothelial shear stress and epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis.


SUMMARY - There is an important need to identify individual lesions which may progress to vulnerable plaque in order to provide early therapeutic management. Evaluation of endothelial shear stress, local blood flow patterns, epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction, as well as their complex associations might indicate those patients who have microvascular endothelial dysfunction and increased risk for upstream epicardial endothelial dysfunction and plaque progression. Such high-risk patients could potentially be targeted for more intensive therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of both microvascular and epicardial atherosclerotic manifestations.