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Haemodynamic-guided management of heart failure (GUIDE-HF): a randomised controlled trial Third-Generation Balloon and Self-Expandable Valves for Aortic Stenosis in Large and Extra-Large Aortic Annuli From the TAVR-LARGE Registry Dual-antiplatelet treatment beyond 1 year after drug-eluting stent implantation (ARCTIC-Interruption): a randomised trial Six-month versus 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug-eluting stents: the Efficacy of Xience/Promus Versus Cypher to Reduce Late Loss After Stenting (EXCELLENT) randomized, multicenter study Noninvasive Nuclear SPECT Myocardial Blood Flow Quantitation to Guide Management for Coronary Artery Disease Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness and Safety of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-to-Intermediate Surgical Risk Cohort Chimney technique in a TAVR-in-TAVR procedure with high risk of left main artery ostium occlusion Relationship Between Hospital Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Volume and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes Impact of Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation on Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Subgroup Analysis From ULTIMATE Trial Clopidogrel or ticagrelor in acute coronary syndrome patients treated with newer-generation drug-eluting stents: CHANGE DAPT

Original Research2018 Nov;33(6):638-644.

JOURNAL:Curr Opin Cardiol. Article Link

Role of local coronary blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and coronary plaque

Siasos G, Tsigkou V, Stone PH et al. Keywords: endothelial shear stress; local blood flow patterns; epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction

ABSTRACT



PURPOSE OF REVIEW - The natural history of coronary atherosclerosis is complex and atherosclerotic plaques exhibit large morphologic and functional variability within the same individual as well as over time. The purpose of this article is to review the role of blood flow patterns and shear stress on the development of microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression.


RECENT FINDINGS - Recent breakthroughs in cardiovascular imaging have facilitated in-vivo characterization of the anatomic and functional characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques and have highlighted the role of endothelial shear stress and epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis.


SUMMARY - There is an important need to identify individual lesions which may progress to vulnerable plaque in order to provide early therapeutic management. Evaluation of endothelial shear stress, local blood flow patterns, epicardial and microvascular endothelial dysfunction, as well as their complex associations might indicate those patients who have microvascular endothelial dysfunction and increased risk for upstream epicardial endothelial dysfunction and plaque progression. Such high-risk patients could potentially be targeted for more intensive therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of both microvascular and epicardial atherosclerotic manifestations.