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Optical coherence tomography is a kid on the block: I would choose intravascular ultrasound A systematic review of factors predicting door to balloon time in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous intervention Correlation and prognostic role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and SYNTAX score in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: A six-year experience Biological Phenotypes of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Lower Risk of Heart Failure and Death in Patients Initiated on SGLT-2 Inhibitors Versus Other Glucose-Lowering Drugs: The CVD-REAL Study Outcomes in Patients Treated With Thin-Strut, Very Thin-Strut, or Ultrathin-Strut Drug-Eluting Stents in Small Coronary Vessels: A Prespecified Analysis of the Randomized BIO-RESORT Trial Pharmacoinvasive and Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Strategies in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (from the Mayo Clinic STEMI Network) Symptom onset-to-balloon time and mortality in the first seven years after STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention Oxygen Therapy in Suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction HFpEF: From Mechanisms to Therapies

Review Article2018 Jul 10;138(2):198-205.

JOURNAL:Circulation. Article Link

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology: Why Women Are Overrepresented in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Beale AL, Meyer P, Kaye DM et al. Keywords: heart failure; myocardium; sex factors; vascular stiffness; women

ABSTRACT


Consistent epidemiological data demonstrate that patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are more likely to be women than men. Exploring mechanisms behind this sex difference in heart failure epidemiology may enrich the understanding of underlying HFpEF pathophysiology and phenotypes, with the ultimate goal of identifying therapeutic approaches for the broader HFpEF population. In this review we evaluate the influence of sex on the key domains of cardiac structure and function, the systemic and pulmonary circulation, as well as extracardiac factors and comorbidities that may explain the predisposition of women to HFpEF. We highlight the potential role of factors exclusive to or more prevalent in women such as pregnancy, preeclampsia, and iron deficiency. Finally, we discuss existing controversies and gaps in knowledge, as well as the clinical importance of known sex differences in the context of the potential need for sex-specific diagnostic criteria, improved risk stratification models, and targeted therapies.

© 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.