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Contemporary prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in adult congenital heart disease following the updated clinical classification Outcomes of patients with and without baseline lipid-lowering therapy undergoing revascularization for left main coronary artery disease: analysis from the EXCEL trial Pulmonary vascular lesions occurring in patients with chronic major vessel thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension A Survey on Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Tissue Characterization in Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Radial versus femoral artery access in patients undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease: analysis from the EXCEL trial Restricted access Mortality After Repeat Revascularization Following PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease: The EXCEL Trial Pancoronary Plaque Characteristics in STEMI Caused by Culprit Plaque Erosion Versus Rupture: 3-Vessel OCT Study Rotational Atherectomy in acute STEMI with heavily calcified culprit lesion is a rule breaking solution C-reactive protein and prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and bypass graft surgery for left main coronary artery disease: Analysis from the EXCEL trial Impact of large periprocedural myocardial infarction on mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting for left main disease: an analysis from the EXCEL trial

Original Research2019 May 7. pii: EIJ-D-18-01082.

JOURNAL:EuroIntervention. Article Link

Pulmonary Artery Denervation Using Catheter based Ultrasonic Energy

Rothman A, Jonas M, Castel D et al. Keywords: pulmonary artery denervation; pulmonary hypertension

ABSTRACT

AIMS -  Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a devastating disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodelling and right heart failure. Radio-frequency pulmonary artery denervation (PDN) improves pulmonary hemodynamics in pre-clinical and early clinical studies, however denervation depth is limited. High-frequency non-focused ultrasound can deliver energy to the vessel adventitia, sparing the intima and media. We therefore investigated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of ultrasound PDN.

 

METHODS AND RESULTS -  Histological examination demonstrated that innervation of human pulmonary arteries are predominantly sympathetic (71%), with >40% of nerves at a depth of >4mm. Finite element analysis of ultrasound energy distribution and ex-vivo studies demonstrated generation of temperatures >47ºC to a depth of 10mm. In domestic swine PDN reduced mean pulmonary artery pressure induced by thromboxane A2 in comparison to sham. No adverse events were observed to 95-days. Histological examination identified structural and immunohistological alterations of nerves in PDN treated animals, with sparing of the intima and media and reduced tyrosine hydroxylase staining 95-days post-procedure indicating persistent alteration of the structure of sympathetic nerves.

 

CONCLUSIONS -  Ultrasound PDN is safe and effective in the pre-clinical setting, with energy delivery to a depth that will permit targeting sympathetic nerves in humans.