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Post-Stroke Cardiovascular Complications and Neurogenic Cardiac Injury: JACC State-of-the-Art Review Application of High-Sensitivity Troponin in Suspected Myocardial Infarction Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus Randomized Comparison Between Radial and Femoral Large-Bore Access for Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Predicting Major Adverse Events in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Coronary Angiography after Cardiac Arrest without ST-Segment Elevation Individualizing Revascularization Strategy for Diabetic Patients With Multivessel Coronary Disease Management of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Complications: Algorithms From the 2018 and 2019 Seattle Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Complications Conference Complete Revascularization with Multivessel PCI for Myocardial Infarction Association Between Haptoglobin Phenotype and Microvascular Obstruction in Patients With STEMI: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study

Original Research2019 May 7. pii: EIJ-D-18-01082.

JOURNAL:EuroIntervention. Article Link

Pulmonary Artery Denervation Using Catheter based Ultrasonic Energy

Rothman A, Jonas M, Castel D et al. Keywords: pulmonary artery denervation; pulmonary hypertension

ABSTRACT

AIMS -  Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a devastating disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodelling and right heart failure. Radio-frequency pulmonary artery denervation (PDN) improves pulmonary hemodynamics in pre-clinical and early clinical studies, however denervation depth is limited. High-frequency non-focused ultrasound can deliver energy to the vessel adventitia, sparing the intima and media. We therefore investigated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of ultrasound PDN.

 

METHODS AND RESULTS -  Histological examination demonstrated that innervation of human pulmonary arteries are predominantly sympathetic (71%), with >40% of nerves at a depth of >4mm. Finite element analysis of ultrasound energy distribution and ex-vivo studies demonstrated generation of temperatures >47ºC to a depth of 10mm. In domestic swine PDN reduced mean pulmonary artery pressure induced by thromboxane A2 in comparison to sham. No adverse events were observed to 95-days. Histological examination identified structural and immunohistological alterations of nerves in PDN treated animals, with sparing of the intima and media and reduced tyrosine hydroxylase staining 95-days post-procedure indicating persistent alteration of the structure of sympathetic nerves.

 

CONCLUSIONS -  Ultrasound PDN is safe and effective in the pre-clinical setting, with energy delivery to a depth that will permit targeting sympathetic nerves in humans.