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Pulmonary Artery Denervation for Patients With Residual Pulmonary Hypertension After Pulmonary Endarterectomy Long-term safety and effectiveness of unprotected left main coronary stenting with drug-eluting stents compared with bare-metal stents Outcomes of patients with and without baseline lipid-lowering therapy undergoing revascularization for left main coronary artery disease: analysis from the EXCEL trial A Survey on Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Tissue Characterization in Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Pancoronary Plaque Characteristics in STEMI Caused by Culprit Plaque Erosion Versus Rupture: 3-Vessel OCT Study OCT guidance during stent implantation in primary PCI: A randomized multicenter study with nine months of optical coherence tomography follow-up Restricted access Mortality After Repeat Revascularization Following PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease: The EXCEL Trial Impact of large periprocedural myocardial infarction on mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting for left main disease: an analysis from the EXCEL trial C-reactive protein and prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and bypass graft surgery for left main coronary artery disease: Analysis from the EXCEL trial Definition and Management of Segmental Pulmonary Hypertension
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Review ArticleVolume 74, Issue 12, September 2019

JOURNAL：J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

From Early Pharmacology to Recent Pharmacology Interventions in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Szummer K, Jernberg T, Wallentin L. Keywords: ACS; antithrombotic treatment; clinical trials; MI; Non STEM; outcomes; PCI; reperfusion treatment; revascularization; STEMI

ABSTRACT

This focus seminar will take the reader through the history and pivotal trials that have formed the current state-of-the-art management for acute coronary syndromes. The identification of a ruptured plaque with thrombus formation and subsequent occlusion or downstream embolization in the coronary artery was the key to developing new and effective treatment strategies. The traditional wait-and-see approach with prolonged bedrest was replaced in the 1980s by immediate pharmacological reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery and long-term aspirin to prevent reinfarction. Mechanical reperfusion with percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting and more intense platelet inhibition with P2Y12 inhibitors further improved outcomes from early 2000s. Adjunctive treatment regimens, including anticoagulants, statins, and neurohormonal inhibition, were found to further reduce mortality and prevent new infarctions. Taken together, the use of new combined pharmacological and interventional treatment strategies has led to a remarkable decrease in 1-year mortality from around 22% in 1995 to around 11% by 2014.

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