CBS 2019
CBSMD教育中心
English

科学研究

科研文章

荐读文献

The Science Underlying COVID-19: Implications for the Cardiovascular System A Review of the Role of Breast Arterial Calcification for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Women Anticoagulation After Surgical or Transcatheter Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement Prospective application of pre-defined intravascular ultrasound criteria for assessment of intermediate left main coronary artery lesions results from the multicenter LITRO study Accuracy of Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Coronary Angiography 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Why NOBLE and EXCEL Are Consistent With Each Other and With Previous Trials Association of White Matter Hyperintensities and Cardiovascular Disease: The Importance of Microcirculatory Disease Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Multivalvular Heart Disease Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Incident Cardiovascular Diseases

Review ArticleVolume 73, Issue 13, 9 April 2019, Pages 1691-1706

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Targeting the Immune System in Atherosclerosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

TX Zhao, Z Mallat. Keywords: atherosclerosis; clinical trials; immune system; inflammation; therapy and outcome

ABSTRACT


Atherosclerosis has long been known as an inflammatory disease. However, whether targeting inflammation improves outcomes was unproven until the recent results of CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-InflammatoryThrombosis Outcomes Study). In this review, we reflect on why it has taken a long time to prove the inflammatory hypothesis of atherosclerosis and derive important lessons for the future. In particular, we discuss the off-target immune-modulatory effects of approved cardiovascular therapies, review the attempted anti-inflammatory therapies including the recently published CIRT (Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial), and discuss the likely reasons for their failures. We further build on CANTOS to review the immune-modulatory therapies for atherosclerosis currently in trials, and discuss the likelihood of their added value as well as the potential hazard associated with their use. We finally argue for a critical approach to the use of animal models, coupled with the use of humans as model organisms to accelerate the identification of the most appropriate targets.