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Correlations between fractional flow reserve and intravascular ultrasound in patients with an ambiguous left main coronary artery stenosis Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Multivalvular Heart Disease Regurgitant Volume/Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Ratio: Prognostic Value in Patients With Secondary Mitral Regurgitation Anticoagulation with or without Clopidogrel after Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Implantation Anticoagulation After Surgical or Transcatheter Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement Why NOBLE and EXCEL Are Consistent With Each Other and With Previous Trials Prospective application of pre-defined intravascular ultrasound criteria for assessment of intermediate left main coronary artery lesions results from the multicenter LITRO study 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Accuracy of Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Coronary Angiography Association of White Matter Hyperintensities and Cardiovascular Disease: The Importance of Microcirculatory Disease

Review ArticleVolume 74, Issue 6, 13 August 2019, Pages 804-813

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Cardiovascular Aging and Heart Failure: JACC Review Topic of the Week

F Triposkiadis, A Xanthopoulos, J Butler et al. Keywords: aging; amyloidosis; comorbidities; heart failure; risk factors

ABSTRACT


Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that usually develops in the elderly. Complex interactions of the cardiovascular aging process with risk factors (obesity, hypertension, and atherosclerosis), comorbidities (anemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and so on), and disease modifiers (sex, genes, others) contribute to the development of HF phenotype and outcome. A conglomerate of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlies the effects of aging on cardiovascular function, the most important being excessive oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation superimposed on the limited cardiac regeneration capacity. Notably, a sizeable percentage of elderly HF patients have cardiac amyloidosis, an HF precipitator. This review summarizes the current published data on the mechanisms of cardiovascular aging as they contribute to the development of HF phenotype and outcome.