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Optical Coherence Tomography–Defined Plaque Vulnerability in Relation to Functional Stenosis Severity and Microvascular Dysfunction Prediction of progression of coronary artery disease and clinical outcomes using vascular profiling of endothelial shear stress and arterial plaque characteristics: the PREDICTION Study Treatment of Drug-Eluting Stent In-Stent Restenosis With Drug-Eluting Balloons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI as Compared with Coronary Bypass Surgery Orbital atherectomy for treating de novo, severely calcified coronary lesions: 3-year results of the pivotal ORBIT II trial Treating Bifurcation Lesions: The Result Overcomes the Technique Percutaneous Pulmonary Angioplasty for Patients With Takayasu Arteritis and Pulmonary Hypertension Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Proximal Side Optimization Technique in Crush Stenting Percutaneous Repair or Medical Treatment for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: Outcomes at 2 years Drug-Coated Balloon Versus Drug-Eluting Stent for Small Coronary Vessel Disease: PICCOLETO II Randomized Clinical Trial

Review ArticleVolume 63, Issue 3, May–June 2020, Pages 233-242

JOURNAL:Prog Cardiovasc Dis. Article Link

Role of endothelial dysfunction in determining angina after percutaneous coronary intervention: Learning from pathophysiology to optimize treatment

F Mangiacapraa; MGDel Buonobc; A Abbate et al. Keywords: endothelial dysfunction; angina; PCI; recurrent angina; microvascular dysfunction

ABSTRACT

Endothelial dysfunction (EnD) is a hallmark feature of coronary artery disease (CAD), representing the key early step of atherosclerotic plaque development and progression. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is performed daily worldwide to treat symptomatic CAD, however a consistent proportion of patients remain symptomatic for angina despite otherwise successful revascularization. EnD plays a central role in the mechanisms of post-PCI angina, as it is strictly associated with both structural and functional abnormalities in the coronary arteries that may persist, or even accentuate, following PCI. The assessment of endothelial function in patients undergoing PCI might help to identify those patients at higher risk of future cardiovascular events and recurrent/persistent angina who might therefore benefit more from an intensive treatment. In this review, we address the role of EnD in determining angina after PCI, discussing its pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic perspectives.