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Five-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement Stage-dependent differential effects of interleukin-1 isoforms on experimental atherosclerosis 2021 ACC/AHA Key Data Elements and Definitions for Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Writing Committee to Develop Clinical Data Standards for Heart Failure) Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: a randomized, controlled trial. Chimney technique in a TAVR-in-TAVR procedure with high risk of left main artery ostium occlusion Long-term outcome of prosthesis-patient mismatch after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Prognostic implications of baseline 6‐min walk test performance in intermediate risk patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement Association of Reduced Apical Untwisting With Incident HF in Asymptomatic Patients With HF Risk Factors Utility of intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for type C lesions Intravascular ultrasound guidance improves clinical outcomes during implantation of both first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents: a meta-analysis
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Review Article2020 Oct 3;22(12):73.

JOURNAL：Curr Atheroscler Rep . Article Link

State of the Art in Noninvasive Imaging of Ischemic Heart Disease and Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Women: Indications, Performance, and Limitations

P Koilpillai, NR Aggarwal, SL Mulvagh et al. Keywords: imaging; ischemia; microvasculature; noninvasive; women

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW - Establishing a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women, including assessment for coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) when indicated, can be challenging. Access to performance of invasive testing when appropriate may be limited, and noninvasive imaging assessments have evolved. This review will summarize the various noninvasive imaging modalities available for the diagnosis of IHD and CMD in women, outlining indications, performance modalities, advantages, and limitations.

RECENT FINDINGS -While stress echocardiography and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) are widely available and can detect IHD in women, their ability to specifically identify CMD is limited. Novel developments in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, including spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography (PET) have changed the diagnostic landscape. Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA), while unable to diagnose CMD, is developing an emerging role in the risk stratification of ischemic syndromes. Despite the discovery of increased CMD prevalence in symptomatic women and technological advances in diagnostic imaging, practitioners are limited by user expertise and center availability when choosing a diagnostic imaging modality. Knowledge of this evolving field is imperative as it highlights the need for sex-specific assessment of cardiovascular syndromes.

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