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Edoxaban-based versus vitamin K antagonist-based antithrombotic regimen after successful coronary stenting in patients with atrial fibrillation (ENTRUST-AF PCI): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial 2020 Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Novel Therapies for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Long-term health outcome and mortality evaluation after invasive coronary treatment using drug eluting stents with or without the IVUS guidance. Randomized control trial. HOME DES IVUS A risk score to predict postdischarge bleeding among acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: BRIC-ACS study Active SB-P Versus Conventional Approach to the Protection of High-Risk Side Branches: The CIT-RESOLVE Trial EXCELling in Left Main Intervention Global Approach to High Bleeding Risk Patients With Polymer-Free Drug-Coated Coronary Stents: The LF II Study Stent underexpansion and residual reference segment stenosis are related to stent thrombosis after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation: an intravascular ultrasound study Impact of intravascular ultrasound guidance in routine percutaneous coronary intervention for conventional lesions: data from the EXCELLENT trial Efficacy and safety of low-dose colchicine in patients with coronary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

Clinical Trial2021 Aug 1;152:34-42.

JOURNAL:Am J Cardiol. Article Link

Effect of Lipoprotein (a) Levels on Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries

SD Gao, WJ Ma, MY Yu Keywords: Lp(a); MINOCA; STEMI; prognostic value; MACE

ABSTRACT

The association between elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and poor outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) has been addressed for decades. However, little is known about the prognostic value of Lp(a) in patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). A total of 1179 patients with MINOCA were enrolled and divided into low, medium, and high Lp(a) groups based on the cut-off value of 10 and 30mg/dL. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, revascularization, and hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed. Accuracy was defined as area under the curve (AUC) using a receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Patients with higher Lp(a) levels had a significantly higher incidence of MACE (9.5%, 14.6%, 18.5%; p = 0.002) during the median follow-up of 41.7 months. The risk of MACE also increased with the rising Lp(a) levels even after multivariate adjustment [low Lp(a) group as reference, medium group: hazard ratio (HR) 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-2.40, p = 0.047; high group: HR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.32-3.25, p = 0.001]. Further, clinically elevated Lp(a) defined as Lp(a) ≥30 mg/dL was closely associated with an increased risk of MACE in overall and in subgroups (all p <0.05). When adding Lp(a) (AUC 0.61) into the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score (AUC 0.68), the combined model (AUC 0.73) yielded a significant improvement in discrimination for MACE (ΔAUC 0.05, p = 0.032). In conclusion, elevated Lp(a) was strongly associated with a poor prognosis in patients with MINOCA. Adding Lp(a) to traditional risk score further improved risk prediction. Our data, for the first time, confirmed the Lp(a) as a residual risk factor for MINOCA.