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Short-Term Progression of Multiterritorial Subclinical Atherosclerosis Switching of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy After PCI in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The RE-DUAL PCI Trial Subanalysis Heart Failure With Recovered Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: JACC Scientific Expert Panel Stage-dependent differential effects of interleukin-1 isoforms on experimental atherosclerosis Usefulness of intravascular ultrasound guidance in percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents for chronic total occlusions (from the Multicenter Korean-Chronic Total Occlusion Registry) Economic and Quality-of-Life Outcomes of Natriuretic Peptide–Guided Therapy for Heart Failure Quality of Life after Everolimus-Eluting Stents or Bypass Surgery for Treatment of Left Main Disease Outcomes 2 Years After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients at Low Surgical Risk American College of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document on Standards for Acquisition, Measurement and Reporting of Intravascular Ultrasound Studies (IVUS). A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents Dapagliflozin for treating chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
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Review Article2017 Sep 26;70(13):1618-1636.

JOURNAL：J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: What Is its Value?

Guazzi M, Bandera F, Ozemek C et al. Keywords: exercise; gas exchange analysis; heart failure; oxygen consumption

ABSTRACT

Compared with traditional exercise tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides a thorough assessment of exercise integrative physiology involving the pulmonary, cardiovascular, muscular, and cellular oxidative systems. Due to the prognostic ability of key variables, CPET applications in cardiology have grown impressively to include all forms of exercise intolerance, with a predominant focus on heart failure with reduced or with preserved ejection fraction. As impaired cardiac output and peripheral oxygen diffusion are the main determinants of the abnormal functional response in cardiac patients, invasive CPET has gained new popularity, especially for diagnosing early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension. The most impactful advance has recently come from the introduction of CPET combined with echocardiography or CPET imaging, which provides basic information regarding cardiac and valve morphology and function. This review highlights modern CPET use as a single or combined test that allows the pathophysiological bases of exercise limitation to be translated, quite easily, into clinical practice.

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