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Considerations for Optimal Device Selection in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review Clinical impact of PCSK9 inhibitor on stabilization and regression of lipid-rich coronary plaques: a near-infrared spectroscopy study Impact of post-intervention minimal stent area on 9-month follow-up patency of paclitaxel-eluting stents: an integrated intravascular ultrasound analysis from the TAXUS IV, V, and VI and TAXUS ATLAS Workhorse, Long Lesion, and Direct Stent Trials Primary Prevention Trial Designs Using Coronary Imaging: A National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop Why and How to Measure Aortic Valve Calcification in Patients With Aortic Stenosis Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Vulnerable Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Clinical impact of conduction disturbances in transcatheter aortic valve replacement recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Association of Reduced Apical Untwisting With Incident HF in Asymptomatic Patients With HF Risk Factors Negative Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Events in the Elderly Intracoronary stenting without anticoagulation accomplished with intravascular ultrasound guidance
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Review Article2017 Sep 26;70(13):1618-1636.

JOURNAL：J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: What Is its Value?

Guazzi M, Bandera F, Ozemek C et al. Keywords: exercise; gas exchange analysis; heart failure; oxygen consumption

ABSTRACT

Compared with traditional exercise tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides a thorough assessment of exercise integrative physiology involving the pulmonary, cardiovascular, muscular, and cellular oxidative systems. Due to the prognostic ability of key variables, CPET applications in cardiology have grown impressively to include all forms of exercise intolerance, with a predominant focus on heart failure with reduced or with preserved ejection fraction. As impaired cardiac output and peripheral oxygen diffusion are the main determinants of the abnormal functional response in cardiac patients, invasive CPET has gained new popularity, especially for diagnosing early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension. The most impactful advance has recently come from the introduction of CPET combined with echocardiography or CPET imaging, which provides basic information regarding cardiac and valve morphology and function. This review highlights modern CPET use as a single or combined test that allows the pathophysiological bases of exercise limitation to be translated, quite easily, into clinical practice.

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