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Outcomes of procedural complications in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement Pulmonary hypertension related to congenital heart disease: a call for action Access Site and Outcomes for Unprotected Left Main Stem Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An Analysis of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society Database Sirolimus-eluting stent implantation for unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis: comparison with bare metal stent implantation Streamlined reverse wire technique for the treatment of complex bifurcated lesions Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and bypass surgery for left main coronary artery disease: an analysis from the EXCEL trial Randomized Comparison Between Everolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold and Metallic Stent: Multimodality Imaging Through 3 Years A randomized comparison of Coronary Stents according to Short or Prolonged durations of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes: a pre-specified analysis of the SMART-DATE trial Survival prospects of treatment naïve patients with Eisenmenger: a systematic review of the literature and report of own experience Machine Learning Using CT-FFR Predicts Proximal Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation Associated With LAD Myocardial Bridging

Review ArticleVolume 71, Issue 15, April 2018

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Restenosis, Stent Thrombosis, and Bleeding Complications - Navigating Between Scylla and Charybdis

J Torrado, L Buckley, A Durán et al. Keywords: biodegradable polymers; bioresorbable vascular scaffold; bleeding; drug-eluting stent; PCI; stent restenosis; stent thrombosis

ABSTRACT


The field of interventional cardiology has significantly evolved over 40 years by overcoming several challenges. The introduction of first-generation drug-eluting stents significantly reduced the rates of restenosis, but at the expense of an increase of late stent thrombosis. Prolonged antithrombotic therapy reduced rates of stent thrombosis, but at the cost of increased bleeding. Although the advent of second-generation drug-eluting stents subsequently reduced the incidence of late stent thrombosis, its permanent nature prevents full recovery of vascular structure and function with accordant risk of very late stent failure. In the present era of interventional cardiology, the tradeoff between stent thrombosis, restenosis, and bleeding presents as a particularly complex challenge. In this review, the authors highlight major contributors of late/very late stent thrombosis while targeting stent restenosis, and they discuss evolutionary advances in stent technology and antiplatelet therapy, to further improve upon the care of patients with coronary artery disease.