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Contemporary use of drug-coated balloons in coronary artery disease: Where are we now? The performance of non-invasive tests to rule-in and rule-out significant coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable angina: a meta-analysis focused on post-test disease probability A prospective natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis Multimodality imaging in cardiology: a statement on behalf of the Task Force on Multimodality Imaging of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging Treating Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Why, How, and When? The Year in Cardiovascular Medicine 2020: Coronary Intervention Comparison of Heart Team vs Interventional Cardiologist Recommendations for the Treatment of Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia Level of Scientific Evidence Underlying the Current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Intravascular ultrasound-guided drug-eluting stent implantation is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with unstable angina and complex coronary artery true bifurcation lesions

Review ArticleVolume 71, Issue 15, April 2018

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Restenosis, Stent Thrombosis, and Bleeding Complications - Navigating Between Scylla and Charybdis

J Torrado, L Buckley, A Durán et al. Keywords: biodegradable polymers; bioresorbable vascular scaffold; bleeding; drug-eluting stent; PCI; stent restenosis; stent thrombosis

ABSTRACT


The field of interventional cardiology has significantly evolved over 40 years by overcoming several challenges. The introduction of first-generation drug-eluting stents significantly reduced the rates of restenosis, but at the expense of an increase of late stent thrombosis. Prolonged antithrombotic therapy reduced rates of stent thrombosis, but at the cost of increased bleeding. Although the advent of second-generation drug-eluting stents subsequently reduced the incidence of late stent thrombosis, its permanent nature prevents full recovery of vascular structure and function with accordant risk of very late stent failure. In the present era of interventional cardiology, the tradeoff between stent thrombosis, restenosis, and bleeding presents as a particularly complex challenge. In this review, the authors highlight major contributors of late/very late stent thrombosis while targeting stent restenosis, and they discuss evolutionary advances in stent technology and antiplatelet therapy, to further improve upon the care of patients with coronary artery disease.