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A Survey on Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Tissue Characterization in Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Rotational Atherectomy in acute STEMI with heavily calcified culprit lesion is a rule breaking solution Outcomes of patients with and without baseline lipid-lowering therapy undergoing revascularization for left main coronary artery disease: analysis from the EXCEL trial Pancoronary Plaque Characteristics in STEMI Caused by Culprit Plaque Erosion Versus Rupture: 3-Vessel OCT Study Restricted access Mortality After Repeat Revascularization Following PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease: The EXCEL Trial OCT guidance during stent implantation in primary PCI: A randomized multicenter study with nine months of optical coherence tomography follow-up Long-term safety and effectiveness of unprotected left main coronary stenting with drug-eluting stents compared with bare-metal stents C-reactive protein and prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and bypass graft surgery for left main coronary artery disease: Analysis from the EXCEL trial Impact of large periprocedural myocardial infarction on mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting for left main disease: an analysis from the EXCEL trial Radial versus femoral artery access in patients undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease: analysis from the EXCEL trial

Clinical TrialVolume 71, Issue 19, May 2018

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

4-Step Protocol for Disparities in STEMI Care and Outcomes in Women

CP Huded, M Johnson, UN Khot et al. Keywords: acute myocardial infarction; door-to-balloon time; sex disparity; women; PCI; STEMI

ABSTRACT


BACKGROUND - Women with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receive suboptimal care and have worse outcomes than men. Whether strategies to reduce STEMI care variability impact disparities in the care and outcomes of women with STEMI is unknown.


OBJECTIVES - The study assessed the care and outcomes of men versus women with STEMI before and after implementation of a comprehensive STEMI protocol.

METHODS - On July 15, 2014, the authors implemented: 1) emergency department catheterization lab activation; 2) STEMI Safe Handoff Checklist; 3) immediate transfer to an immediately available catheterization lab; and 4) radial first approach to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The authors prospectively studied consecutive patients with STEMI and assessed guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) before PCI, median door-to-balloon time (D2BT), in-hospital adverse events, and 30-day mortality stratified by sex before (January 1, 2011 to July 14, 2014; control group) and after (July 15, 2014 to December 31, 2016) implementation of the STEMI protocol.

RESULTS - Of 1,272 participants (68% men, 32% women), women were older with more comorbidities than men. In the control group, women had less GDMT (77% vs. 69%; p = 0.019) and longer D2BT (median 104 min; [interquartile range (IQR): 79 to 133] min vs. 112 [IQR: 85 to 147] min; p = 0.023). Women had more in-hospital stroke, vascular complications, bleeding, transfusion, and death. In the comprehensive 4-step STEMI protocol, sex disparities in GDMT (84% vs. 80%; p = 0.32), D2BT (89 [IQR: 68 to 106] min vs. 91 [IQR: 68 to 114] min; p = 0.15), and in-hospital adverse events resolved. The absolute sex difference in 30-day mortality decreased from the control group (6.1% higher in women; p = 0.002) to the comprehensive 4-step STEMI protocol (3.2% higher in women; p = 0.090).

CONCLUSIONS - A systems-based approach to STEMI care reduces sex disparities and improves STEMI care and outcomes in women.