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Restricted access Mortality After Repeat Revascularization Following PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease: The EXCEL Trial Left main coronary angioplasty: early and late results of 127 acute and elective procedures Impact of large periprocedural myocardial infarction on mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting for left main disease: an analysis from the EXCEL trial Self-expandable sirolimus-eluting stents compared to second-generation drug-eluting stents for the treatment of the left main: A propensity score analysis from the SPARTA and the FAILS-2 registries Unprotected Left Main Disease: Indications and Optimal Strategies for Percutaneous Intervention Long-term safety and effectiveness of unprotected left main coronary stenting with drug-eluting stents compared with bare-metal stents Angiographic versus functional severity of coronary artery stenoses in the FAME study fractional flow reserve versus angiography in multivessel evaluation Changes in Coronary Plaque Composition in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated With High-Intensity Statin Therapy (IBIS-4): A Serial Optical Coherence Tomography Study OCT compared with IVUS in a coronary lesion assessment: the OPUS-CLASS study Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve to Guide PCI

Clinical Trial2018;May 22:[Epub ahead of print]

JOURNAL:N Engl J Med. Article Link

Five-Year Outcomes with PCI Guided by Fractional Flow Reserve

Xaplanteris P, Fournier S, FAME 2 Trial Investigators et al. Keywords: fractional flow reserve; PCI; medical therapy; outcome

ABSTRACT


BACKGROUND - We hypothesized that fractional flow reserve (FFR)–guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) would be superior to medical therapy as initial treatment in patients with stable coronary artery disease.


METHODS - Among 1220 patients with angiographically significant stenoses, those in whom at least one stenosis was hemodynamically significant (FFR, ≤0.80) were randomly assigned to FFR-guided PCI plus medical therapy or to medical therapy alone. Patients in whom all stenoses had an FFR of more than 0.80 received medical therapy and were entered into a registry. The primary end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization.

RESULTS - A total of 888 patients underwent randomization (447 patients in the PCI group and 441 in the medical-therapy group). At 5 years, the rate of the primary end point was lower in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (13.9% vs. 27.0%; hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34 to 0.63; P<0.001). The difference was driven by urgent revascularizations, which occurred in 6.3% of the patients in the PCI group as compared with 21.1% of those in the medical-therapy group (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.41). There were no significant differences between the PCI group and the medical-therapy group in the rates of death (5.1% and 5.2%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.75) or myocardial infarction (8.1% and 12.0%; hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.43 to 1.00). There was no significant difference in the rate of the primary end point between the PCI group and the registry cohort (13.9% and 15.7%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.39). Relief from angina was more pronounced after PCI than after medical therapy.

CONCLUSIONS - In patients with stable coronary artery disease, an initial FFR-guided PCI strategy was associated with a significantly lower rate of the primary composite end point of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization at 5 years than medical therapy alone. Patients without hemodynamically significant stenoses had a favorable long-term outcome with medical therapy alone. (Funded by St. Jude Medical and others; FAME 2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01132495.)