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Outcomes after drug-coated balloon treatment for patients with calcified coronary lesions Plaque progression assessed by a novel semi-automated quantitative plaque software on coronary computed tomography angiography between diabetes and non-diabetes patients: A propensity-score matching study Use of High-Risk Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Detection for Risk Stratification of Patients With Stable Chest Pain: A Secondary Analysis of the PROMISE Randomized Clinical Trial Percutaneous Repair or Medical Treatment for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation Contemporary use of drug-coated balloons in coronary artery disease: Where are we now? The performance of non-invasive tests to rule-in and rule-out significant coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable angina: a meta-analysis focused on post-test disease probability A prospective natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis Impact of lesion complexity on peri-procedural adverse events and the benefit of potent intravenous platelet adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibition after percutaneous coronary intervention: core laboratory analysis from 10 854 patients from the CHAMPION PHOENIX trial Update on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Light of Recent Evidence: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors
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Review Article 2009 Jan;2(1):65-72.

JOURNAL：JACC Cardiovasc Interv. Article Link

Attenuated plaque detected by intravascular ultrasound: clinical, angiographic, and morphologic features and post-percutaneous coronary intervention complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Lee SY, Mintz GS, Kim SY et al. Keywords: attenuated plaque; IVUS; ACS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES - We evaluated the clinical significance of attenuated plaque (hypoechoic plaque with deep ultrasound attenuation).


BACKGROUND - Attenuated plaques are unusual intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODS - We reviewed clinical presentations and angiographic and pre-intervention IVUS findings in 293 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without a distal protection device: 187 with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 106 with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

RESULTS - Attenuated plaque was observed in 75 patients (25.6%): 39.6% of STEMI versus 17.6% of NSTEMI (p < 0.001). (We also reviewed 100 randomly selected patients with stable angina and pre-intervention IVUS; none had attenuated plaque.) Overall, in ACS patients with attenuated plaques: 1) the level of C-reactive protein was higher; 2) angiographic thrombus and initial coronary flow Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow grade <2 were more common; and 3) IVUS lesion site plaque burden and remodeling index were significantly greater, lesion site luminal dimensions significantly smaller, and thrombus, positive remodeling, and plaque rupture were more common. No-reflow (26.7% vs. 4.6%, p < 0.001) and deteriorated post-PCI coronary blood flow (8.0% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.001) were higher. In ACS patients with normal coronary blood flow at baseline, deterioration in the coronary blood flow post-PCI was more common in lesions with attenuated plaque.

CONCLUSIONS - Attenuated plaque was more common in ACS patients with STEMI than NSTEMI. Attenuated plaque in ACS patients was associated with a higher C-reactive protein level, more severe and complex lesion morphology, reduced coronary blood flow before PCI, and especially no-reflow after PCI.
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