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Association of Circulating Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Levels With Cardiovascular Mortality: A Meta-analysis of Population-Based Studies Switching of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy After PCI in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The RE-DUAL PCI Trial Subanalysis Empagliflozin and Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Relation between baseline plaque features and subsequent coronary artery remodeling determined by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound Five-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement Cardiac Structural Changes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Studies Association of Reduced Apical Untwisting With Incident HF in Asymptomatic Patients With HF Risk Factors INTERMACS Profiles and Outcomes Among Non–Inotrope-Dependent Outpatients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction Utility of intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for type C lesions The effect of complete percutaneous revascularisation with and without intravascular ultrasound guidance in the drugeluting stent era

Letter2015 Oct;8(10):1228-9.

JOURNAL:JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. Article Link

Superficial Calcium Fracture After PCI as Assessed by OCT

Kubo T, Shimamura K, Ino Y et al. Keywords: calcium fracture; stent underexpansion; OCT

ABSTRACT


Heavily calcified lesions in coronary arteries have been known to cause stent underexpansion, which increases the risk of in-stent restenosis. Plaque modification before stent implantation is considered to be the key for treatment of calcified lesions. We hypothesized that calcium fracture by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) might be associated with adequate stent expansion and favorable late outcome.


From the coronary catheterization registry of Wakayama Medical University between February 1, 2010 and August 31, 2013, we retrospectively selected 61 patients with chronic stable angina who had a heavily calcified culprit lesion on coronary angiography. The heavily calcified lesion on coronary angiography was identified by radiopacities noted without cardiac motion before contrast injection, generally compromising both sides of the arterial lumen. Everolimus-eluting stent was used for PCI. PCI procedures including stent size, pre- and post-dilation, and inflation pressure were determined by each physician. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed before and immediately after PCI. Maximal calcium thickness, maximal calcium arc, and maximal calcium length were measured on each candidate frame selected by visual screening in the OCT images before PCI. Calcium fracture and stent expansion were assessed in the OCT images immediately after PCI. Calcium fracture was characterized by a gap of calcium and direct exposure of calcium to the lumen at the gap. The calcium fracture thickness was measured at the edge of the fracture. The minimal stent area was measured on a candidate frame selected by visual screening. Stent expansion index was calculated as the minimal stent area divided by the average of the proximal and distal reference lumen area. Scheduled follow-up angiography was conducted 10 months after PCI.