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The Impact of Proximal Vessel Tortuosity on the Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Contemporary Multicenter Registry Robotics in percutaneous cardiovascular interventions Extracorporeal Ultrafiltration for Fluid Overload in Heart Failure: Current Status and Prospects for Further Research Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest Translational Perspective on Epigenetics in Cardiovascular Disease Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 Impact of Oxidative Stress on the Heart and Vasculature: Part 2 of a 3-Part Series Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Update in the Percutaneous Management of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions Myocardial Inflammation Predicts Remodeling and Neuroinflammation After Myocardial Infarction

Review Article2017 Jul 11;70(2):196-211.

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Basic Biology of Oxidative Stress and the Cardiovascular System: Part 1 of a 3-Part Series

Sack MN, Fyhrquist FY, Kovacic JC et al. Keywords: apoptosis; mitochondria; necrosis; reactive oxygen species; senescence; sirtuin; telomere

ABSTRACT


The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a fundamental aspect of normal human biology. However, when ROS generation exceeds endogenous antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress arises. If unchecked, ROS production and oxidative stress mediate tissue and cell damage that can spiral in a cycle of inflammation and more oxidative stress. This article is part 1 of a 3-part series covering the role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. The broad theme of this first paper is the mechanisms and biology of oxidative stress. Specifically, the authors review the basic biology of oxidative stress, relevant aspects of mitochondrial function, and stress-related cell death pathways (apoptosis and necrosis) as they relate to the heart and cardiovascular system. They then explore telomere biology and cell senescence. As important regulators and sensors of oxidative stress, telomeres are segments of repetitive nucleotide sequence at each end of a chromosome that protect the chromosome ends from deterioration.