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2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure Invasive Coronary Physiology After Stent Implantation: Another Step Toward Precision Medicine Individualizing Revascularization Strategy for Diabetic Patients With Multivessel Coronary Disease Development and validation of a simple risk score to predict 30-day readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention in a cohort of medicare patients Relationship of C-reactive protein reduction to cardiovascular event reduction following treatment with canakinumab: a secondary analysis from the CANTOS randomised controlled trial Drug-coated balloons for small coronary artery disease (BASKET-SMALL 2): an open-label randomised non-inferiority trial Impact of Optimal Medical Therapy on 10-Year Mortality After Coronary Revascularization A VOYAGER Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Statin Therapy on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels in Patients With Hypertriglyceridemia State of the Art in Noninvasive Imaging of Ischemic Heart Disease and Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Women: Indications, Performance, and Limitations Long-Term Outcomes of Biodegradable Versus Second-Generation Durable Polymer Drug-Eluting Stent Implantations for Myocardial Infarction

Review Article2018 Jan 12;7(2).

JOURNAL:J Am Heart Assoc. Article Link

Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence and Controversies

Tajti P, Brilakis ES. Keywords: chronic total occlusion; complex coronary intervention; percutaneous coronary intervention; stable coronary artery disease

ABSTRACT


Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are defined as 100% occlusions with TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) 0 flow with at least a 3‐month duration. Treatment options for patients with coronary CTOs include lifestyle changes and medications (as is appropriate for all patients with coronary artery disease) and coronary revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the previous version of the appropriateness use criteria for coronary revascularization, revascularization recommendations were different for patients with and without a coronary CTO, but this is no longer the case in the current (2016 and 2017) versions.


The goal of this review is to summarize the available evidence on the clinical benefits, likelihood of success, risk for complications, and crossing strategies for CTO PCI and provide practical clinical recommendations.