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Management of two major complications in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory: the no-reflow phenomenon and coronary perforations Guiding Principles for Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Advances in Coronary No-Reflow Phenomenon-a Contemporary Review When high‐volume PCI operators in high‐volume hospitals move to lower volume hospitals—Do they still maintain high volume and quality of outcomes? 2-Year Outcomes After Stenting of Lipid-Rich and Nonrich Coronary Plaques Better Prognosis After Complete Revascularization Using Contemporary Coronary Stents in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease ACCF/SCAI/STS/AATS/AHA/ASNC 2009 Appropriateness Criteria for Coronary Revascularization: A Report by the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriateness Criteria Task Force, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American Heart Association, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology Endorsed by the American Society of Echocardiography, the Heart Failure Society of America, and the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography Mortality 10 Years After Percutaneous or Surgical Revascularization in Patients With Total Coronary Artery Occlusions A randomized multicentre trial to compare revascularization with optimal medical therapy for the treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions Coronary Artery Calcium Is Associated with Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Independent of Myocardial Ischemia

Review Article2018 Jan 12;7(2).

JOURNAL:J Am Heart Assoc. Article Link

Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence and Controversies

Tajti P, Brilakis ES. Keywords: chronic total occlusion; complex coronary intervention; percutaneous coronary intervention; stable coronary artery disease

ABSTRACT


Coronary chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are defined as 100% occlusions with TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) 0 flow with at least a 3‐month duration. Treatment options for patients with coronary CTOs include lifestyle changes and medications (as is appropriate for all patients with coronary artery disease) and coronary revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the previous version of the appropriateness use criteria for coronary revascularization, revascularization recommendations were different for patients with and without a coronary CTO, but this is no longer the case in the current (2016 and 2017) versions.


The goal of this review is to summarize the available evidence on the clinical benefits, likelihood of success, risk for complications, and crossing strategies for CTO PCI and provide practical clinical recommendations.