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Optimal Strategy for Provisional Side Branch Intervention in Coronary Bifurcation Lesions: 3-Year Outcomes of the SMART-STRATEGY Randomized Trial Effect of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on the geometry of coronary bifurcation lesions and clinical outcomes of coronary interventions in the J-REVERSE registry Coronary Atherosclerosis T1-Weighed Characterization With Integrated Anatomical Reference: Comparison With High-Risk Plaque Features Detected by Invasive Coronary Imaging Update on chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension Long-term secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet and a low-fat diet (CORDIOPREV): a randomised controlled trial Prospective, large-scale multicenter trial for the use of drug-coated balloons in coronary lesions: The DCB-only All-Comers Registry Adaptive development of concomitant secondary mitral and tricuspid regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Active and Passive Vaccination for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Novel Therapeutic Paradigm Changes in Coronary Plaque Composition in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated With High-Intensity Statin Therapy (IBIS-4): A Serial Optical Coherence Tomography Study Intravascular Ultrasound Pulmonary Artery Denervation to Treat Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (TROPHY1): Multicenter, Early Feasibility Study

Review Article2018 Sep;72(3):179-185.

JOURNAL:J Cardiol. Article Link

Histopathological validation of optical coherence tomography findings of the coronary arteries

Fujii K, Kawakami R, Hirota S. Keywords: atherosclerosis; OCT; Stent; histopathological validation

ABSTRACT


Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a catheter-based imaging modality for the visualization of coronary arteries, is widely used during percutaneous coronary intervention to improve the understanding of the anatomy of coronary artery stenosis and to elucidate the mechanisms of atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a short description of the histopathological validations of OCT for visualizing atherosclerotic plaques and vascularhealing response after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Because OCT measures the intensity of light returning from within a tissue, tissue having a higher heterogeneity of optical index of refraction, such as microcalcification deposition and foam cell accumulation on the luminal surface, may exhibit stronger optical scattering that appears as a thin-cap fibroatheroma image. Furthermore, even if OCT shows exposed uncovered stent struts, some of the struts could be re-endothelialized. In our ex vivo histopathological experience, re-endothelialization at the surface of stent struts was confirmed by histopathological analysis, although OCT images showed exposed uncovered struts after DES implantation. Therefore, careful interpretation is required to assess tissue morphology and stent strut coverage by OCT.