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Drug-Drug Interactions of Common Cardiac Medications and Chemotherapeutic Agents Short-Term Oral Anticoagulation Versus Antiplatelet Therapy Following Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Closure Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Older Breast Cancer Survivors in the United States: A Matched Cohort Study High Coronary Shear Stress in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Predicts Myocardial Infarction Mathematical modelling of endovascular drug delivery: balloons versus stents Thirty-Day Outcomes Following Transfemoral Transseptal Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: Intrepid TMVR Early Feasibility Study Results MITRA-FR vs. COAPT: Lessons from two trials with diametrically opposed results Ablation Versus Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure Results From the CABANA Trial Treatment Effects of Pulmonary Artery Denervation for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Stratified by REVEAL Risk Score: Results from PADN-CFDA Trial The Art of SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement in Valve-in-Ring and Valve-in-Mitral-Annular-Calcification Procedures

Review Article2018 Jul 10;138(2):198-205.

JOURNAL:Circulation. Article Link

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology: Why Women Are Overrepresented in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Beale AL, Meyer P, Kaye DM et al. Keywords: heart failure; myocardium; sex factors; vascular stiffness; women

ABSTRACT


Consistent epidemiological data demonstrate that patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are more likely to be women than men. Exploring mechanisms behind this sex difference in heart failure epidemiology may enrich the understanding of underlying HFpEF pathophysiology and phenotypes, with the ultimate goal of identifying therapeutic approaches for the broader HFpEF population. In this review we evaluate the influence of sex on the key domains of cardiac structure and function, the systemic and pulmonary circulation, as well as extracardiac factors and comorbidities that may explain the predisposition of women to HFpEF. We highlight the potential role of factors exclusive to or more prevalent in women such as pregnancy, preeclampsia, and iron deficiency. Finally, we discuss existing controversies and gaps in knowledge, as well as the clinical importance of known sex differences in the context of the potential need for sex-specific diagnostic criteria, improved risk stratification models, and targeted therapies.

© 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.