CBS 2019
CBSMD教育中心
English

科学研究

科研文章

荐读文献

2021 ACC/AHA Key Data Elements and Definitions for Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Writing Committee to Develop Clinical Data Standards for Heart Failure) Empagliflozin and Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Online Quantitative Aortographic Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation After TAVR: Results of the OVAL Study High-risk plaque detected on coronary CT angiography predicts acute coronary syndromes independent of significant stenosis in acute chest pain: results from the ROMICAT-II trial 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines Long-term outcome of prosthesis-patient mismatch after transcatheter aortic valve replacement Utility of intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for type C lesions Intravascular ultrasound-guided drug-eluting stent implantation: An updated meta-analysis of randomized control trials and observational studies Colchicine Reduces Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Coronary Disease Third-Generation Balloon and Self-Expandable Valves for Aortic Stenosis in Large and Extra-Large Aortic Annuli From the TAVR-LARGE Registry

Review ArticleVolume 73, Issue 13, 9 April 2019, Pages 1691-1706

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Targeting the Immune System in Atherosclerosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

TX Zhao, Z Mallat. Keywords: atherosclerosis; clinical trials; immune system; inflammation; therapy and outcome

ABSTRACT


Atherosclerosis has long been known as an inflammatory disease. However, whether targeting inflammation improves outcomes was unproven until the recent results of CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-InflammatoryThrombosis Outcomes Study). In this review, we reflect on why it has taken a long time to prove the inflammatory hypothesis of atherosclerosis and derive important lessons for the future. In particular, we discuss the off-target immune-modulatory effects of approved cardiovascular therapies, review the attempted anti-inflammatory therapies including the recently published CIRT (Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial), and discuss the likely reasons for their failures. We further build on CANTOS to review the immune-modulatory therapies for atherosclerosis currently in trials, and discuss the likelihood of their added value as well as the potential hazard associated with their use. We finally argue for a critical approach to the use of animal models, coupled with the use of humans as model organisms to accelerate the identification of the most appropriate targets.