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A Combined Optical Coherence Tomography and Intravascular Ultrasound Study on Plaque Rupture, Plaque Erosion, and Calcified Nodule in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Incidence, Morphologic Characteristics, and Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Negative Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Events in the Elderly Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review Prognostic value of coronary artery calcium screening in subjects with and without diabetes Colchicine Reduces Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Coronary Disease Early Surgery or Conservative Care for Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis Heart Failure With Recovered Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: JACC Scientific Expert Panel Impact of final stent dimensions on long-term results following sirolimus-eluting stent implantation: serial intravascular ultrasound analysis from the sirius trial Impact of Positive and Negative Lesion Site Remodeling on Clinical Outcomes : Insights From PROSPECT The Use of Sex-Specific Factors in the Assessment of Women’s Cardiovascular Risk

Original Research2011 Aug;32(16):2059-66.

JOURNAL:Eur Heart J. Article Link

Impact of plaque components on no-reflow phenomenon after stent deployment in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound analysis

Hong YJ, Jeong MH, Choi YH et al. Keywords: coronary disease, stents, plaque, ultrasonics

ABSTRACT


AIMS We used virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) to evaluate the relation between coronary plaque characteristics and no-reflow in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.


METHODS AND RESULTS - A total of 190 consecutive ACS patients were imaged using VH-IVUS and analysed retrospectively. Angiographic no-reflow was defined as TIMI flow grade 0, 1, and 2 after stenting. Virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound classified the colour-coded tissue into four major components: fibrotic, fibro-fatty, dense calcium, and necrotic core (NC). Thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) was defined as focal, NC-rich (≥10% of the cross-sectional area) plaques being in contact with the lumen in a plaque burden≥40%. Of the 190 patients studied at pre-stenting, no-reflow was observed in 24 patients (12.6%) at post-stenting. The absolute and %NC areas at the minimum lumen sites (1.6±1.2 vs. 0.9±0.8 mm2, P<0.001, and 24.5±14.3 vs. 16.1±10.6%, P=0.001, respectively) and the absolute and %NC volumes (30±24 vs. 16±17 mm3, P=0.001, and 22±11 vs. 14±8%, P<0.001, respectively) were significantly greater, and the presence of at least one TCFA and multiple TCFAs within culprit lesions (71 vs. 36%, P=0.001, and 38 vs. 15%, P=0.005, respectively) was significantly more common in the no-reflow group compared with the normal-reflow group. In the multivariable analysis, %NC volume was the only independent predictor of no-reflow (odds ratio=1.126; 95% CI 1.045-1.214, P=0.002).

CONCLUSION - In ACS patients, post-stenting no-reflow is associated with plaque components defined by VH-IVUS analysis with larger NC and more TCFAs.