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Stent fracture is associated with a higher mortality in patients with type-2 diabetes treated by implantation of a second-generation drug-eluting stent Robotics in percutaneous cardiovascular interventions Extracorporeal Ultrafiltration for Fluid Overload in Heart Failure: Current Status and Prospects for Further Research Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest Translational Perspective on Epigenetics in Cardiovascular Disease Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 Impact of Oxidative Stress on the Heart and Vasculature: Part 2 of a 3-Part Series Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Update in the Percutaneous Management of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions Myocardial Inflammation Predicts Remodeling and Neuroinflammation After Myocardial Infarction

Review Article2017 Jul 11;70(2):230-251.

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk: Obesity, Diabetes, Smoking, and Pollution: Part 3 of a 3-Part Series

Niemann B, Newby DE, Kovacic JC et al. Keywords: air pollution; atherosclerosis; diabetes; exhaust; inflammation; metabolic stress; obesity; particulate matter; tobacco

ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress occurs whenever the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds endogenous antioxidant capacity. In this paper, we review the specific role of several cardiovascular risk factors in promoting oxidative stress: diabetes, obesity, smoking, and excessive pollution. Specifically, the risk of developing heart failure is higher in patients with diabetes or obesity, even with optimal medical treatment, and the increased release of ROS from cardiac mitochondria and other sources likely contributes to the development of cardiac dysfunction in this setting. Here, we explore the role of different ROS sources arising in obesity and diabetes, and the effect of excessive ROS production on the development of cardiac lipotoxicity. In parallel, contaminants in the air that we breathe pose a significant threat to human health. This paper provides an overview of cigarette smoke and urban air pollution, considering how their composition and biological effects have detrimental effects on cardiovascular health.